Pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas, characterized by a violation of the production of digestive enzymes. The main symptoms of the disease are pain after eating in the left or right hypochondrium, heartburn, nausea, vomiting and stomach discomfort.
Strict adherence to dietary guidelines is crucial in the treatment of pancreatitis. After all, the development of the disease often occurs due to improper lifestyle, use of alcohol and "garbage" food in large quantities.
Diet for pancreatitis helps patients reduce pain during exacerbation and add remission. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, the diet is different, but there are some similarities. Let's talk about them.
General dietary guidelines for pancreatitis
The main requirement of the diet is to increase the amount of protein consumed and reduce fat and carbohydrates in the main diet (if possible, they should be completely eliminated). In particular, you should refrain from consuming granulated sugar, as it is 99% carbohydrates.
Fatty meals with a lot of coarse fiber should completely disappear from the lives of patients with pancreatitis. Finally, they put a heavy burden on the pancreas, as a result of which the organ begins to produce very large amounts of digestive enzymes, which is dangerous in this disease and can lead to serious complications.
Doctors recommend all patients with pancreatitis to take vitamin complexes that will help fill the lack of vitamins and minerals in the body, which is often the result of a limited diet.
Meals should be scheduled at the same time.
Eat 5-6 times in small meals a day to avoid excessive pancreatic stress and overeating.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
As a rule, acute pancreatitis is manifested by sudden sharp pain in the stomach pit. The pain is unbearable and therefore forces the person to call an ambulance. The diet for acute pancreatitis before the doctor's visit is "zero". Under no circumstances should you eat food. Neither "easy" nor "heavy".
Before the arrival of the doctor it is allowed to take non-carbonated mineral water, but not more than 3 glasses. And they are allowed to drink only if the process of urination takes place normally.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis occurs only in a hospital setting. Fasting is prescribed for the first two days. Only now is it allowed to drink rosehip soup along with mineral water. Total fluid intake should not exceed 5 glasses per day.
On the third day of treatment, the patient is allowed to eat fresh, low-calorie food that does not contain substances that cause pancreatic irritation and increase the secretion produced.
After the main symptoms have subsided, the diet for pancreatitis continues for one to two months. During this period, you should leave completely:
- fried and fatty foods; muffins and pastries;
- pickles and smoked foods; pickles and canned food;
- spicy and sweet;
- onions and garlic;
- alcoholic beverages;
- fatty meat and fish;
- sausages.
All food products must be cooked. They should be cooked in water or steamed. Do not use oil, salt or spices during cooking.
The patient is allowed to eat food only hot and grated. Before going to bed, it is recommended to use laxative fermented dairy products - kefir, fermented baked milk.
Duration of the child from 6 to 12 months. And how a person will adhere to it depends on his health in the future. If all nutritional recommendations are ignored, the disease can take a chronic form and then the patient will have to be treated for life.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis in remission
The diet with chronic pancreatitis is slightly different from the above diet. In this case, the patient's diet is significantly expanded, but only in the remission phase. During exacerbations the diet is of a completely different nature, but more on that later.
In chronic pancreatitis, the consumption of protein is allowed, which should practically exceed a person's daily intake, and the use of carbohydrates (sugar, honey, bakery products, bakery products, etc. ) is also allowed.
Foods that irritate the pancreas (hot spices, large amounts of salt, alcohol, etc. ) are a limitation.
The patient’s diet should also be a portion. The number of meals is 4 to 6 times. The food served should be warm. You don’t have to grind food before you take it.
Meat and fish products should not contain a lot of fat, because otherwise they can cause liver degeneration, which often happens in chronic pancreatitis. Fresh cheese contains many useful substances and therefore must simply be present in the patient's diet. However, you can only eat homemade cottage cheese, but not very greasy. It is forbidden to eat fresh cheese.
If a person cannot refuse bread, then it is recommended to use either yesterday's pastries or crackers (from gray or black bread only) during the meal. You can also eat bakery products and pastries, but in limited quantities (no more than one serving per day).
In case of pancreatitis, it is not advisable to drink milk in pure form, because it is poorly digested. It can be added to teas or made into cereals and soups. Even if the patient tolerates milk well, it should not be drunk in large quantities. The maximum dose is 200 ml.
Fermented dairy products are very useful for people with chronic pancreatitis. Even cheese, which is on the list of forbidden foods in other stages of the disease, can be eaten in remission, but not in large quantities and provided you feel well. The cheese should not be too salty or greasy.
Eggs cannot be eaten whole. Only egg white can be present in the patient's diet. It can be used to prepare steamed omelets or added to soups.
The patient's diet should not contain a lot of fat (not more than 70 g per day). Moreover, most of them should consist of vegetable fats. They are better digested and do not burden the pancreas.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis during exacerbation
The diet for pancreatitis during exacerbation is the same as for the acute form of the disease. The patient is prescribed fasting, and in case of positive dynamics, he is allowed to eat fresh and low-fat food in small quantities.
If there is no deterioration in health, the patient's menu is gradually expanded. After 2-3 months, a person can eat in the same way as in the remission phase.
Remember, this is just a rough diet for pancreatitis. A complete list of permitted and prohibited products should be checked with your doctor. Only he will be able to put together a proper diet, taking into account your state of health.